Indwara yo mu misozi miremire, izwi kandi nka AMS (Acute Mountain Sickness), ibaho iyo umubiri w'umuntu ugorwa no kumenyera ahantu hafite umuvuduko muke kandi hadafite ogisijeni nyinshi ku misozi miremire. Ubusanzwe, igaragara nyuma gato yo kuzamuka ikagera ku burebure burenga metero 3.000 (hafi metero 2.800). Uburyo umubiri w'umuntu ubyitwaramo iyo ugeze ku misozi miremire bushobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bitatu by'ingenzi:
1. Indwara yo mu misozi ikabije (yoroheje): Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane, kandi ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu masaha make. Harimo kuribwa umutwe, kuzungera, isesemi, n'umunaniro muri rusange.
2. Indwara ikomeye yo mu misozi: Akenshi yitwa "umuntu wica bucece," ibi bishobora kwiyongera mu minsi 1-3, bikaba byatera ingorane zikomeye nko kubyimba ubwonko (biherekejwe no kuribwa umutwe cyane, kuruka mu buryo butunguranye, no kwitiranya ibintu) cyangwa kubyimba mu bihaha (birangwa no gukorora guhoraho, amacandwe y'umutuku, no kubura umwuka). Gutinda gutera indwara bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
3. Indwara yo mu misozi idakira: Iyi ndwara yibasira abantu batuye mu misozi miremire igihe kirekire. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo ibibazo byo gusinzira no kugira ibibazo byo mu igogora bigaruka uko igihe kigenda.
Kuki indwara yo mu misozi miremire ibaho?
Uko uzamuka vuba cyane ukagera ku butumburuke burenga metero 3.000, umwuka muto n'umuvuduko wa ogisijeni ugabanuka bitera umubiri wawe imimerere igoye. Bishobora kugereranywa n'umuntu wiruka asabwa kwiruka nta gushyushya. Uburyo umubiri ukora burimo "imyigaragambyo" itandukanye mu buryo bw'ibimenyetso:
- Kuribwa umutwe no kugira isereri: Ibipimo bikunze kugaragara mbere y'igihe.
- Guhaha cyane no kubura umwuka: Umutima utera cyane, kandi ibihaha bigakora cyane, bigerageza kwinjiza ogisijeni nyinshi.
- Isesemi, kuruka, no kubura ubushake bwo kurya: Urusobe rw'igogora rutangira gukora nabi.
- Kudasinzira no Kunanirwa: Gusinzira nabi nijoro bitera gucika intege ku manywa.
- Ubururu ku minwa no ku nzara: Ikimenyetso gisobanutse neza cy'uko umubiri ubuze ogisijeni.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko indwara yo mu kirere atari ikimenyetso cy'intege nke z'umuntu; ahubwo ni igisubizo gisanzwe cy'umubiri iyo umuntu abuze umwuka wa ogisijeni, kandi umuntu wese ashobora kubyibonera.
Nigute wavura indwara yo mu misozi miremire?
1. Guhumeka umwuka mwinshi wa ogisijeni: Bumwe mu buryo bwihuse bwo kugabanya ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwo mu kirere ni uguhumeka umwuka ufite umwuka mwinshi wa ogisijeni.
2. Imiti: Imiti imwe n'imwe, cyane cyane acetazolamide, dexamethasone, cyangwa nifedipine, ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara yo mu kirere no gutinza ibimenyetso cyangwa ingorane zikomeye.
3. Ubuvuzi bwa Ogisijeni ikabije (HBOT): Uretse gutanga ogisijeni n'imiti ako kanya, ibyumba bya ogisijeni ikabijebyagaragaye ko bigira uruhare mu kugabanya indwara zo mu misozi miremire:
Inyongeramusaruro ikomeye ya ogisijeni: Mu gace ka HBOT, uhumeka ogisijeni yuzuye, kandi umuvuduko uba uri hejuru y’ibisanzwe. Ibi byoroshya ogisijeni nyinshi ishongera mu maraso yawe, bikongera vuba ubwinshi bwa ogisijeni mu maraso no kurwanya hypoxia neza kurusha guhumeka ogisijeni bisanzwe.
Kugabanya ibimenyetso byihuse: Ku bimenyetso bikomeye nko kuribwa umutwe cyane, kuzungera, kugira isesemi, no kunanirwa, isuzuma rimwe rya HBOT rishobora gutanga ubutabazi bwihuse, bigatuma umuntu akira vuba.
Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zikomeye: Ogisijeni ikabije ni ingenzi mu kuvura indwara zikomeye zo mu misozi miremire, nko kubyimba kw'ibihaha mu misozi miremire cyangwa kubyimba k'ubwonko, biguha umwanya w'agaciro wo gutwara no gukira.
Guhuza Ibidukikije: Ku bantu bakeneye kuguma mu misozi miremire cyangwa gukora ahantu hanini cyane, kuvurwa buri gihe na HBOT bishobora kongera ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo guhuza n'imimerere, kunoza imikorere, no kongera imbaraga.
Muri make, iyo uhuye n'ingorane mu duce turi hejuru cyane, icyumba cya ogisijeni gishyuha cyane gishobora kwigana ahantu hari uburebure bw'agateganyo, bigatuma uruhuka neza kandi ugakira neza.
Ese uburyo bwo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni ukoresheje hyperbaric butanga ingufu nyinshi?
Uburyo bwo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni ukoresheje hyperbaric bushobora kongera cyane urugero rw'ingufu bitewe n'impamvu zikurikira:
Ogisijeni yiyongera: Mu gutanga ibidukikije bifite umuvuduko urenze usanzwe w’ikirere, HBOT yoroshya guhumeka ogisijeni yuzuye cyangwa yiganjemo. Ibi byongera cyane ogisijeni mu maraso, bigatuma ingirabuzima fatizo n’uturemangingo twose by’umubiri bigerwa neza. Ogisijeni ihagije ni ingenzi cyane mu guhumeka kw’uturemangingo, bigafasha mu gukoresha neza intungamubiri nka glucose mu gukora ingufu (ATP).
Imikorere ya Mitochondria Yarushijeho Kuba myiza: Ogisijeni igira uruhare runini mu gikorwa cyo gukwirakwiza phosphorylation ya mitochondrial oxidative, ikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu gukora ingufu. HBOT ishobora kongera imikorere n'imikorere ya mitochondrial, yongera imikorere myiza ya ATP ndetse no kongera ingufu zitangwa.
Gukuraho imyanda ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihuse: Ubu buryo bwo kuvuraguteza imbere itembera ry'amaraso n'imikorere y'umubiri, bigafasha umubiri gusenya no gusohora imyanda ikomoka kuri metabolike nka aside lactic vuba. Uku kugabanuka kw'imyanda ni ingenzi kugira ngo imitsi n'ingingo bigarure imikorere isanzwe, bigatuma ingufu ziyongera.
Mu gusoza, gusobanukirwa indwara yo mu misozi miremire n'uburyo ivurwa, cyane cyane binyuze mu kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni ukabije, ni ingenzi ku muntu wese ujya mu turere turi mu misozi miremire. Hamwe n'ubumenyi n'ibikoresho bikwiye, indwara yo mu misozi miremire ishobora gucungwa neza, bigatuma umuntu abona uburambe bwiza kandi bushimishije bwo mu misozi miremire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-25-2025