Bitewe n'impinduka mu mibereho ya none n'imibereho, umubare munini w'abantu urimo guhura n'ibibazo byo kubura umwuka usinziriye. Kubura umwuka usinziriye bibaho iyo inzira y'ubuhumekero ifunganye igice cyangwa burundu, bigatuma guhumeka bihagarara nijoro. Ibi bituma urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso rugabanuka, umutima wongera imbaraga, ndetse n'ibibazo by'ubuzima bifitanye isano. Muri iki gihe, uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura indwara yo kubura umwuka usinziriye - nka CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) - bwakoreshejwe cyane, ariko si abarwayi bose babasha kubyihanganira. Bitewe n'ibi, bamwe mu bahanga mu bya siyansi n'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi batangiye gushakisha nibaicyumba cya ogisijeni ikabijebishobora kuzana icyizere gishya ku bantu barwaye indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira.
Ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ikoresheje hyperbaric ni iki?
Uburyo bwo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni ukoresheje hyperbaric ni uburyo bwo kuvura aho umurwayi ahumeka umwuka wa ogisijeni mu buryo busanzwe ahantu hari umuvuduko urenze uwo mu kirere, byongera ingano ya ogisijeni ishongeshejwe mu maraso. Ubusanzwe ubwo buryo bukorerwa mu cyumba cyabugenewe.icyumba gishyuha cyane, aho umuvuduko mwinshi utuma ogisijeni yinjira mu mubiri neza, bigateza imbere gusana uturemangingo, kongera ingirabuzima fatizo, no kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Yatangijwe bwa mbere mu myaka ya 1860 mu kuvura indwara yo kugabanya ihungabana ku bantu bo mu mazi yo mu bwoko bwa scuba, uburyo bwo kuvura ogisijeni ya hyperbaric bwarahindutse mu myaka irenga 160. Muri iki gihe, ikoreshwa cyane nk'uburyo bw'inyongera ku ndwara zitandukanye, nko kuvura monoxide ya karubone, gukira ibikomere nyuma y'ihungabana, n'ibikomere byo mu bwonko.
Ni iyihe sano iri hagati y’ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ikabije n’abarwayi bafite ikibazo cyo kubura umwuka mu gihe cyo gusinzira?
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira birimo guhagarara buhoro buhoro nijoro, gukanguka kenshi, no gusinzira ku manywa. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura bushingiye ku bikoresho nkaCPAPkugira ngo abarwayi babone umwuka uhagije mu gihe cyose basinziriye. Ariko, bamwe mu barwayi bagira ububabare cyangwa kwishingikiriza cyane kuri ibi bikoresho, bigatuma bavurwa nabi. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ikabije (HBOT), nk'uburyo bw'inyongera, bwatanzwe n'abashakashatsi kugira ngo bunoze ibimenyetso by'indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira binyuze mu buryo butandukanye.
Ubwa mbere, mu gihe cy'indwara yo kubura umwuka (apnea), urugero rw'umwuka mu maraso rw'abarwayi rukunze kugabanuka cyane. Mu kongera uburyo umwuka utangwa,ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ikabijebishobora kongera cyane umwuka wa ogisijeni mu maraso, bigafasha mu kubungabunga urugero rwiza rwa ogisijeni, bikagabanya umutwaro ku mutima no mu bwonko, kandi bikanoza ubuzima muri rusange.
Icya kabiri, urugero rwo hejuru rwa ogisijeni ruterwa naHBOTIcyumbabishobora guteza imbere angiogenesis no kongera ogisijeni. Gusinzira nabi igihe kirekire bishobora kwangiza imitsi no kugabanya imikorere y'amaraso.HBOTibyumbabifasha mu gukurura imitsi mito no kunoza uburyo amaraso atembera mu gace, bityo bikagabanya zimwe mu ngaruka mbi zijyanye no kuziba kw'imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero. Nk'uburyo bwo kuvura bufasha igihe kirekire, gukoresha uburyo buhorahoUburyo bwo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni ukabije (hyperbaric oxygen therapy) mu gihe cyo kubura umwuka wo gusinzira (sleep apnea).bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibihe byo kubura umwuka mu gihe cy'ibitotsi ku barwayi bamwe na bamwe.
Ni izihe nyungu ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ya hyperbaric bufite ugereranije n'ubuvuzi busanzwe?
Nubwo uburyo gakondo bwo kuvura indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe umuntu asinziriye, nka CPAP, bwagaragaje umusaruro mwiza ku barwayi benshi, bamwe mu bantu baracyahura n'ingorane cyangwa kudakurikiza amabwiriza akwiye yo kuvura. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ikabije (HBOT) butanga ibyiza byinshi bidasanzwe:
1. Ntabwo ari umuti ukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara kandi nta miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara
HBOT ikoresha uburyo bwo kuvura umubiri udakoresheje imiti, kandi abarwayi ntibakorerwa ubuvuzi ubwo ari bwo bwose bubangamira ubuvuzi. Uburyo bwo kuvura ni ubworoshye kandi muri rusange bworoshye kubumenyera. Ku barwayi badakunda gukoresha ibikoresho bya mekanike igihe kirekire, ibyumba bya HBOT bishobora kuba ubundi buryo busanzwe.
2. Iterambere ry'imiterere y'umubiri mu buryo bwinshi
HBOT ntiyongera urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso gusa, ahubwo inanongera ubuzima muri rusange binyuze mu guteza imbere imikorere y’umubiri no kwihutisha gusana uturemangingo - nkoumwuka wa ogisijeni ukabije ku ndwara z'imitsi, kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, no gushyigikira imikorere y'imikorere y'umubiri. Birenze gusubiza ibimenyetso by'indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe umuntu asinziriye gusa, ahubwo binoza imiterere y'umubiri w'umurwayi muri rusange, bigatanga inyungu z'igihe kirekire.
3. Amahirwe yo kuvurwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga
Ubusanzwe HBOT itangwa mu buryoIbikoresho by'ubuvuzi bya Hyperbaric Chamber 1.5 ATA, hamwe n'umuvuduko wo kuvura uri hagati ya 1.3 na 2.0 ATA. Igipimo cya ogisijeni n'inshuro zo gukora bishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibyo buri murwayi akeneye. Ugereranyije n'uburyo bwa CPAP bwo guhumeka umwuka buri gihe, HBOT itanga ubworoherane bwinshi kandi ishobora guhindurwa mu gihe nyacyo bitewe n'uko umurwayi yitwaye ku buvuzi.
Ibyiza byo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni ukabije: Ese bishobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya indwara yo kubura umwuka mu gihe cyo gusinzira?
Muri iki gihe, ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ikabije (HBOT) bwagaragaje ko bufite akamaro mu kugabanya indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira. Ibitaro byinshi, amavuriro, n'ibigo byita ku buzima byakoranye n'Uruganda rwemewe rwa Macy Pan Hyperbaric Chamberkugenzura ibikoresho n'ibindiibyumba binini byo mu bwoko bwa hyperbaric byo kuvura indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinziraNubwo HBOT ikiri mu cyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi, amakuru y’ibanze ku buvuzi n’inyigo ku nyamaswa bigaragaza ko ifite ubushobozi bunini. Mu gihe kizaza, mu gihe ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya ogisijeni iterwa na hyperbaric bukomeje, hari impamvu yo kwizera ko ubu buryo bushobora kuba uburyo bukomeye bwuzuzanya muri gahunda zo kuvura abarwayi bafite ikibazo cyo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko nubwo HBOT ifite amahirwe menshi, idakwiye gufatwa nk'igisubizo rusange. Ubushakashatsi buriho bugaragaza ko umusaruro wayo mwiza ukunze kuboneka iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nka CPAP, bigatanga ingaruka zihuriweho. Ibi bigaragaza ko HBOT ari yo ikoreshwa neza nk'umuti.ubuvuzi bw'inyongeraaho kuvura umuntu ku giti cye kugira ngo bigabanye ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe.
Kubwibyo, amavuriro menshi, ubuvuzi bwa spa, ibigo byita ku buzima bwiza, n'ibigo byita ku buzima bushya byasanzeIbyumba bya Macy Pan HBOTkugira akamaro nk'ubuvuzi bufasha. Bitanga amahitamo akwiye ku barwayi badashobora kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho bisanzwe. Niba HBOT ishobora gusimbura burundu ubuvuzi gakondo, bisaba andi magerageza n'ubushakashatsi kugira ngo byemezwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-28-2025